tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33243290893028835522024-02-19T09:10:23.691-08:00Geology HappensWhere life is a field tripGeology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.comBlogger161125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-25655136101548855362023-04-08T08:40:00.004-07:002023-04-08T09:01:48.272-07:00spring 2023 last<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL1LSOtxWGX6AeX0kctvyRmBbY_LSGLCJcd5_tm0l987lKqmfsUMrXb0zN4L4PqtIuUgLopXook0k-I9O3UlvjsL2odD0YTGv1GJZQiPuXA_XYWdsS0rNEzFD5mSauehCt69myAAEGRMdYV2Df75y-XipSafirfyB7dsRCQ9VDgFIUaXO6a-lvc6Tn/s800/How%20do%20streams%20transport%20and%20deposit%20sediments-geology%20in%202.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="800" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL1LSOtxWGX6AeX0kctvyRmBbY_LSGLCJcd5_tm0l987lKqmfsUMrXb0zN4L4PqtIuUgLopXook0k-I9O3UlvjsL2odD0YTGv1GJZQiPuXA_XYWdsS0rNEzFD5mSauehCt69myAAEGRMdYV2Df75y-XipSafirfyB7dsRCQ9VDgFIUaXO6a-lvc6Tn/s320/How%20do%20streams%20transport%20and%20deposit%20sediments-geology%20in%202.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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from 40 miles away.</div>
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Spent the day up high yesterday (much cooler!) and watched the afternoon heat amp up the West Fork fire. It was barely visible in the morning but as the afternoon wore on we could watch the cloud grow larger. What is needed is a good rain storm and the forecast doesn't look all that favorable just yet.Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-21303447740035567232013-06-06T18:48:00.001-07:002013-06-06T18:48:33.125-07:00Studying stream velocity in the Grand Canyon<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
How much fun is a Grand Canyon raft trip for a geologist? Well...plenty! I had the opportunity to float the Colorado River through the famous canyon a few weeks ago. I had plenty to look at and to explore but one thing literally took the oar right out of my hand. </div>
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While rowing even the easy sections I could easily feel the current push and pull my oar with practically every push I made. Frankly I am used to sections of the upper Colorado where there is much less force. Was I being just lazy, or was there something else at work? </div>
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The week we were on the river, the discharge at Lee's ferry, (mile 0 of the Grand Canyon) was a steady 8,000 cfs (cubic feet per second) for a study the NPS was conducting. Discharge is simply a measurement of how much water is flowing past a certain point. here in the US we measure discharge in cubic FEET/second, while the rest of the world measures cubic METERS pr second...oh well.</div>
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Often when I am on the upper Colorado, the discharge is similar 5,000-9,000 cfs. This could account for some of the extra force I was feeling on the oars, but not all of it. </div>
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Rowing through the Muav Gorge, looking serious and trying to avoid obstacles.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuW0s07qzdIDACvJppWMxgarTZQXd0bCJRCB6IGoomjqNRR5UVC7cO_i3FcF5EQwyZeGmNRN_F3c2DsXKsFTWVoBgvyQs7gkCViO9WZ9ZUyNSVTijmhFYkicA7uITuuFxpsZ9psTEHtEo/s1600/IMG_5401.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuW0s07qzdIDACvJppWMxgarTZQXd0bCJRCB6IGoomjqNRR5UVC7cO_i3FcF5EQwyZeGmNRN_F3c2DsXKsFTWVoBgvyQs7gkCViO9WZ9ZUyNSVTijmhFYkicA7uITuuFxpsZ9psTEHtEo/s320/IMG_5401.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
Navigating the famous "Black Rocks" of the upper Colorado River, again looking serious and trying to avoid obstacles.<br />
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The diagram below, borrowed from California State University, shows that the velocity is some how proportional to the wet area (depth times width). Looking through some old notes when I would have students measure the width and depth of the upper Colorado to calculate discharge, I could see that there is little appreciable difference in these two physical parameters between the upper Colorado and the Grand Canyon.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiagl0Mf2-bCthK_P6nHv0k7pGYzVJLqGahlwpLdqRv1_Ip8ToTIvXg-qRA4dUo3V6pXRMVdrezviYxC3QocR3tqa_tYKo-GJoSl48kE4I9GY8VNLGTwViA_WfaOV1bJmChkpt6pJxQuUM/s1600/discharge.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiagl0Mf2-bCthK_P6nHv0k7pGYzVJLqGahlwpLdqRv1_Ip8ToTIvXg-qRA4dUo3V6pXRMVdrezviYxC3QocR3tqa_tYKo-GJoSl48kE4I9GY8VNLGTwViA_WfaOV1bJmChkpt6pJxQuUM/s1600/discharge.jpg" /></a></div>
Thank you CSU Long Beach<br />
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However, the one physical parameter I found that was different was river gradient. Looking through my river guides and doing some simple math I found that the upper Colorado stretch has a gradient of 3+ feet/mile while the section of the Grand Canyon has a gradient of almost 7.5 feet/mile.<br />
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Could this be the reason I found the oars being snatched out of my hands?<br />
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Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-89643188734568419192013-05-16T19:43:00.001-07:002013-05-16T19:43:37.025-07:00yet another example of a cap rock<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Last week we were camping along the Colorado River above Moab Utah when we saw these pillars showing how a more resistant chunk of sandstone will protect the less resistant shale below. The last blog post showed how the more resistant White Rim sandstone was left standing even after the softer Organ Rock shale had all eroded away leaving a really fun arch to visit.</div>
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Differential erosion of the Cutler formation along the Colorado River</div>
Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-26253970941802082582013-05-08T18:15:00.000-07:002013-05-08T18:15:12.698-07:00Regime change<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
What a fun place, Musselman Arch in Canyonlands National Park. The arch is composed of the White Rim sandstone a Permian aged wind blown classic sandstone in a near coast environment. Sandstone is fairly well cemented together making a rock unit somewhat resistant to erosion. Right below the White Rim you can see a reddish (isn't almost everything in the Canyonlands red?) brown silt-mud stone formation. This shaley material is poorly cemented making it fairly easily eroded. You can see how the sandstone in the arch is lasting much longer than the missing shale/silt/mud stone found below the arch. </div>
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So the White Rim sandstone is acting as a cap rock to the softer Organ Rock found below.<br />
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Musselman Arch is found along the White Rim mountain bike trail. You can ride down the Shafer trail to the arch and back in a day, but the 1300 vertical foot climb back up is an interesting way to end the day's ride.Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-58206047857511295452013-03-28T17:54:00.002-07:002013-03-28T17:54:46.832-07:00Joshua Tree boulder factory<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Spent some time in Joshua Tree last week. It has been a long time since I have played in so much granite. In fact it was way back in grad school and we had a professor who always brought the freshman students up to his idea of a "boulder factory" We would spend a little time discussing chemical weathering and then let the students climb around a little bit to experience the sharp quartz minerals left behind.</div>
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This was the same thing...only I was the one climbing around. You can clearly see how the once monolithic rock has jointed to make very regular blocks with the resulting acidic water rounding the blocks into spheres. In some cases, you would swear these were very large river rocks eroded down by the movement of water.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc7s4-XSsPXiG5E2Ak6cba2X8bnD_46epepwc2Yni72RSfFlSiL4qcyLtoX49DDMnfAFfP_vMfLVgkBCV8-brMzS9uKxTcNrZj5WSLs8gywPveRUmG7iZTaXR22w5Tbh2g9SaXBFb7LGA/s1600/IMG_8064.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc7s4-XSsPXiG5E2Ak6cba2X8bnD_46epepwc2Yni72RSfFlSiL4qcyLtoX49DDMnfAFfP_vMfLVgkBCV8-brMzS9uKxTcNrZj5WSLs8gywPveRUmG7iZTaXR22w5Tbh2g9SaXBFb7LGA/s320/IMG_8064.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
Eroded monoliths with quartz intrusions. These intrusions are harder than the surrounding country rock. In some cases the intrusions were vertical making a quartz wall.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibVvpaM9MEz0yCuDKjf3J9KtlvA7D62wtZ18me7yIeB3tFfkZcBiaBLFr73zlvVTUB-c9MY8dGNTx851fDuMdz9xseA-gspASRBEBRsDz-ScsEtLWWA5o4tn305C_90cJ7e9zW7ls_KW4/s1600/IMG_8049.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibVvpaM9MEz0yCuDKjf3J9KtlvA7D62wtZ18me7yIeB3tFfkZcBiaBLFr73zlvVTUB-c9MY8dGNTx851fDuMdz9xseA-gspASRBEBRsDz-ScsEtLWWA5o4tn305C_90cJ7e9zW7ls_KW4/s320/IMG_8049.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
Very spherical boulders. These boulders were once part of a larger monolith similar to the image above. A series of joints, both vertical and horizontal made regular shaped cubes of granite. Acidic water running through the cracks chemically eroded the feldspars into clay minerals that have since been flushed out leaving behind very smooth spherical boulders.Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-13796822419213148302013-03-15T19:56:00.000-07:002013-03-15T19:56:10.187-07:00Did you see it?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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4 days camping in the desert</div>
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4 days with great open views to the west</div>
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4 days with clouds in the west right at sun set and lasting most of the night</div>
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Comet Pans STARR borrowed from the NASA.gov web page</div>
Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-65594669110657616302013-03-10T19:19:00.001-07:002013-03-10T19:19:31.208-07:00Where is all the snow?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Anyone who has looked through my past blog posts have seen my fascination with our snow pack, whether how big a year we are having or how low a year we are having or about its ability to slide.</div>
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This year, like last year is all about how little we have. The graph below, courtesy of the NRCS, shows the snow totals for the Gunnison River drainage in Western Colorado. The line in the middle is average. The dark line that ends suddenly is this year. Not only are we below average, but we are below last year, a bad year. Note how the slope of the two lines are almost parallel. This suggests that the winter storms are in line with normal. But, look at when we started accumulating snow. The new snow year started last October 1. It took until mid December before any appreciable snow covered the ground. Look at last years graph. It was about this time last year when the snow started to melt. Way ahead of schedule. </div>
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I know that two years do not make a trend. I hope that the next two years will be as high as these years are low, just look at two years ago with a record breaking snowfall. But looking at these past two years with everything else happening around the planet, I wonder if we are starting to see the new normal. Time will tell.</div>
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<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-71562073055327877752013-02-02T14:57:00.000-08:002013-02-02T14:57:07.965-08:00A naming happenstance <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
I just learned today that two of my favorite areas are connected by a common name. The Cutler formation in Western Colorado and Eastern Utah is the Permian deposits of a high area that is now long gone. The Cutler is named for Cutler creek near Ouray Colorado. Also near Ouray Colorado is a very picturesque peak named Mt. Abram. This peak is actually just a high point on a ridge that is part of the Red Mountain mining district. I visit, play in and study both locations quite often.</div>
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Today I found that Mt Abram was named after Abram Cutler who also had Cutler creek named after him. So, both locations named however indirectly after the same person.</div>
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I thought that was pretty cool.</div>
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An outcrop of the undivided Cutler formation in eastern Utah</div>
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Mt. Abram as seen from Ouray Colorado</div>
Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-2342073109153205342012-11-03T21:13:00.000-07:002012-11-03T21:14:41.830-07:00Flash Flood Man Last week I had the great fortune to spend time wandering around the Cedar Mesa sandstone (one of my favorite Permian deposits) Usually I am content to examine the red and white layering. The white a nice beach sand and the red debris from the Ancestral Uncompahgre Mountains. But this time we happened to spy some rock art high on the Cedar Mesa cliffs.<br />
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This was one of my favorite panels. The cliff face is directly above the confluence of three nice sized drainages.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIhZdgMohBJ1snkgZU4Ny_cDSJKXxfeDc7C1jZmeAgSH4hoY-sohHmkwooOt4Ej_1LVPR0c2B26CZ1N4xNCy6sLxwVuPKvRQotIQSLW2Hd3oW2Hs0qLdM8ljaW1osQMRAddOGo29UgzQQ/s1600/ffm2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIhZdgMohBJ1snkgZU4Ny_cDSJKXxfeDc7C1jZmeAgSH4hoY-sohHmkwooOt4Ej_1LVPR0c2B26CZ1N4xNCy6sLxwVuPKvRQotIQSLW2Hd3oW2Hs0qLdM8ljaW1osQMRAddOGo29UgzQQ/s320/ffm2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Below is a close up showing the image of arms help out to the side and wavy lines extending across the picture. It doesn't take much imagination to see that the arms were once connected to a body that has ironically been dissolved by water running down the cliff face. Often times these wavy lines indicate water and so this image looks like a figure standing in belly button deep water. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHEkDqE1uPuviflDQ09r3DiVLbDPh6IZQjCSZoajCpiojJ3pa-T3ngXTImEyW8yJRr20V_TfQHSrn5MmUQractjX9GNabbaIgvpZ2sH4BCULIl_kOlC8mfd-EHEMhkAOthNSeMJabWKjg/s1600/flash+flood+man.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHEkDqE1uPuviflDQ09r3DiVLbDPh6IZQjCSZoajCpiojJ3pa-T3ngXTImEyW8yJRr20V_TfQHSrn5MmUQractjX9GNabbaIgvpZ2sH4BCULIl_kOlC8mfd-EHEMhkAOthNSeMJabWKjg/s320/flash+flood+man.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Given the location of this image at the confluence of three drainages it is not a big stretch to suggest that this figure was made to warn people of high water. Below is a flash flood sign taken from a National Park web site. There are just a few similarities between the ancient rock art and the modern traffic sign.</div>
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<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-91703060039985007702012-10-23T16:37:00.000-07:002012-10-23T16:37:25.106-07:00homogeneity of rock units<br />
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Over the years I have noticed that students have a tendency to assume that rock units are very homogeneous in both shape and texture. They expect the Navajo sandstone to be made of white sand grains in distinctive sand dune cross bedding everywhere they look. When you point out "different" structures in the middle of a rock unit they get confused ( just for a short time). Most of my students also seem to expect sedimentary rock units to be of equal thickness throughout their extent. I guess I can't blame them since I am just as guilty of using these stratigraphic columns that show nice rectangles for rock units. The White Rim sandstone is a great example of a rock unit that noticeably gets thinner as you ride east. </div>
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A few weeks ago I had the awesome pleasure of riding the White Rim Trail in Canyonlands National Park, an 80 mile jeep track created by the atomic energy commission in the 1950's which has made more money as a tourist destination than all the uranium ore pulled out.</div>
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The White Rim is a resistant rim of Permian aeolian beach sand that delineates the inner canyons of the Green and Colorado Rivers.<br />
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Early in the trip you can see the thickness of the White Rim sandstone. There is a bicycle on top of the cliff in the distance for scale...It is a big cliff.<br />
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Again, there are dots across the gorge showing the scale of the White Rim cliff.<br />
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Halfway through the trip you can see that the formation thickness is much less than in the first two images.<br />
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Here, near the end of the trip we can see the thin white line, all that is left of the White Rim just pinches out in the Cutler formation. The beach sand ends and the debris running off the Ancestral Rockies takes over.</div>
Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-19964237733184576862012-09-14T17:12:00.001-07:002012-09-14T17:12:27.459-07:00arborglyphs<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
While hiking around the San Juan Mountains we sometimes see some ornate tree carvings usually from sheep herders from the last century. These carvings tell us about the lonely life in the mountains these men lived. Today I was riding down an old road when I saw what looked like a rock hammer carved into an aspen tree. I can't help but wonder what the story is behind this particular arborglyph.</div>
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<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-77344692428653130312012-09-12T11:24:00.000-07:002012-09-12T11:24:25.542-07:00The half moon moraine<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
While climbing to the top of Colorado I turned around and saw this great example of the moraine we had climbed earlier in the morning. </div>
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The cirque above is now empty of any snow. </div>
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Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-88912451408633514772012-08-19T12:41:00.004-07:002012-08-19T12:41:57.786-07:00There was once ice here<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
I had the good fortune of changing venue last week and do some hiking in my old graduate research area in Rocky Mountain National Park. Most of my work was done in the library but here on the eastern side of the Colorado Rockies we had the chance to look at some of the evidence left by glaciers. </div>
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In this image you can easily see the snow field up high, the remnants of the glacier that once filled this valley. I never made it up to the snow in this valley. In other nearby places we were able to see what little blue ice that was left. </div>
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Below the snow lies the terminal moraine of the most recent advance, a small push that we dated about 1850 ish. That date always amazed me because of the advance of white guys and their families across the North American continent while the climate could support a glacial advance albeit a small one. </div>
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Below the highest moraine is a solid rock outcrop that has been shaped by the passage of ice. This roche moutonnee shows ice movement from above downward. The upstream side is smoothed by the ice while the down stream side shows evidence of ice plucking. The ice partially melts by pressure, fills in the cracks and then refreezes with rock chunks stuck to the ice. The rocks move down stream leaving this choppy steep hillside behind. </div>
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Below the image although unseen here is a great U-shaped valley. It doesn't get any more classical-glacial-terrain than here.</div>
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To study for my comps, I climbed into a number of these high valleys and physically touched all that the ice had left behind. Not only was it a fun way to study but it must have worked!</div>
<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-19526902803248046302012-07-17T18:39:00.000-07:002012-07-17T18:40:15.583-07:00rock unit behavior<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
A few weeks ago I spent some quality time "under the Wingate" my all time favorite Canyonlands rock unit. In fact, the Wingate sandstone has its own <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Wingate-Sandstone/138704772813925" target="_blank">facebook page</a>. The Wingate sandstone was formed in the early Jurassic as a large sand sea or erg in the western US. It is quite easy to find cross bedding indicative of sand dunes. The sand grains are all very uniform in size and shape which creates some great erosional formations. In these images you can see how the Wingate has eroded to make some impressive towers. This is a classic formation found once the over-laying Kayenta formation erodes away. The Kayenta formation, is a combination of siltstone, sandstones and even some conglomerates and it acts as a cap rock for the easier-to-erode Wingate sandstone. </div>
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With the protective layers above gone, the uniformed grained Wingate starts to fall apart with equally spaced cracks running vertically down the cliff face. As time proceeds and geology happens the crack widen until there are separate Wingate towers and eventually even they will erode down to nothing. </div>
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This area along the Green River in Labyrinth Canyon shows the whole sequence of events from a large cliff face to totally missing.</div>
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The Wingate Towers</div>
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The Wingate Towers head on</div>
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The whole sequence: The left side shows an intact cliff face with an intact cap rock. The towers are found in the center while the right side shows the Wingate missing from the stratigraphic sequence. </div>
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<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-1600983805257176652012-07-05T08:51:00.000-07:002012-07-05T08:51:26.071-07:00Class time in the back of beyond<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Ah field work! well, less field work and more field sharing. This is the time of year where I head into the middle of the Colorado Plateau and share basic geology ideas with K12 teachers. We spend a day on campus at the Colorado School of Mines before we head to Moab UT to spend the next 5 days paddling down the Green River through Labyrinth Canyon. Our classroom is both the modern day transport of material down the river and the mid-Mesozoic climate of the dry arid sand dunes of the Entrada, Wingate and Navajo formations. But, it is not a one direction sharing, sure I do most of the talking but all of the teachers get together and share struggles, concerns, methods and triumphs of getting their students to understand the basic tenets of science. After a winter's worth of reading some newspaper's ideas of how our public schools are doing it is always refreshing to hear from the teachers themselves. It gives me hope about the next crop of scientists who are currently residing in Middle School.</div>
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It is truly a week of learning for all participants!</div>
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Sunrise on the river!</div>
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Class time on the river. We barge up and discuss the formations and their forming environments as we float past. </div>
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Hiking up a side canyon looking for petrified wood and dinosaur tracks. Did I mention that it was 113 degrees F that day? </div>
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The Wingate above the Chinle</div>
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Moving between classrooms.</div>
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<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-60084104707109409122012-05-22T16:35:00.000-07:002012-05-22T16:35:09.513-07:00The Great Annular Eclipse of 2012<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
We timed our southwest adventure to coincide with the Annular solar eclipse visible in the western US. The National Park Service helped out by publishing a <a href="http://www.nature.nps.gov/features/eclipse/index.cfm">great web page</a> with an interactive map helping us select which unit of the NPS would have the best viewing.</div>
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We chose Bandelier National Monument in New Mexico. WE arrived a few hours before the event and so hiked around some great Volcanic Tuff outcrops made into cliff dwellings by the Ancestral Pueblos (worthy of a whole blog post by itself) </div>
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When the time came we found a not-too-crowded overlook that faced the west and we sat down to watch. By the time the sun started to disappear there was a good little group watching. We all enjoyed the few who showed up with the proper equipment to directly view the eclipse as we only brought our trusty pin hole camera.</div>
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The ruins at Bandelier. The building material is all volcanic.</div>
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Our camera couldn't quite capture the sun with out any filters.</div>
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Our pin hole camera shows the annular eclipse just fine!</div>
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<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-62015340838505041112012-05-07T13:51:00.000-07:002012-05-07T13:51:07.323-07:00Visit to Shanghai<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
I had the pleasure of visiting China for the past month and although it was not a geology trip per say, geology is hard to ignore since life is indeed a field trip.</div>
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I was hoping to blog while on vacation but found that it was a little difficult posting anything while in China.</div>
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We flew into Shanghai Pudong airport and it was hard not to notice the low lying fields and what looked like rice paddies near the airport. Driving into the city we were treated to miles (or kilometers) of new construction of massive buildings. The scene of down town Shanghai shows the incredible buildings in the city center. Of course I am from a very small town in the inter mountain west and am unused to buildings over a few stories tall...anyway</div>
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What also caught my eye was the amount of water. There are canals and large drainage ditches everywhere. I live in an arid region and I am used to seeing irrigation canals, but these are drainage canals. </div>
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It seems that the whole of the city is built on Quaternary deltaic sediments delivered by the Yangtze river. These sediments, a fine soft clay mixture are similar to what we find in the Mississippi delta region. It makes for great rice fields but not-so-great massive city basement. It seems that most of the new buildings have been built in the top clay layers and some have been sinking from compaction of clay as well as from the subsidence from the use of ground water. </div>
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A water gage on a canal near Shanghai.</div>
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The down town at night, including the Oriental Pearl and the Shanghai World Financial Center, the tallest building in China</div>
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<br />Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-87831898420351204702012-04-01T19:38:00.006-07:002012-04-02T10:02:16.323-07:00Geology with benefits<div>Last weekend I had the chance to visit my favorite Permian formation, the Cedar Mesa sandstone. This formation, part of the Cutler group can be found in southern Canyonlands National Park (both the Needles and Maze) and in the type area on "Cedar Mesa" part of the Monument uplift.</div><div><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVcwB_fZp2fIdNfN6nl2mLQgN5VPUYkLmhETDOKdqjp4oMyLbE-jLWk9glAhTqqUlR-GIbxhgGkj8nPeek59QUo-YCAnzLdFqZScRVoTCFhX9vNxQCr4fdne0cR3fL5mq3kG3VSPhI6ks/s1600/IMG_2377.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVcwB_fZp2fIdNfN6nl2mLQgN5VPUYkLmhETDOKdqjp4oMyLbE-jLWk9glAhTqqUlR-GIbxhgGkj8nPeek59QUo-YCAnzLdFqZScRVoTCFhX9vNxQCr4fdne0cR3fL5mq3kG3VSPhI6ks/s320/IMG_2377.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5726849281426052354" /></a><div>This thick sandstone layer shows not only classic sand dune cross bedding but also some fantastic swirleys where water interacted with the sand. The image below was originally taken because of the hundreds of hand print pictographs (painted on rock art). The image above shows the whole wall. It was only later when I noticed the great swirley of Permian water interacting with a Permian beach.</div><div><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK97Roww3yj3pnNDwE_TObQKC36CvZZo3CI7c7M6FXdv9Z81kKrh9fyhkqgUra1eyyQKEBZjgYfUE5BSjSOK-KUOfQAAS36FrIFsh3cmet1WSqZypxLbN_jiS4qE17rCZkp9_rkoxIITc/s1600/IMG_2375.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK97Roww3yj3pnNDwE_TObQKC36CvZZo3CI7c7M6FXdv9Z81kKrh9fyhkqgUra1eyyQKEBZjgYfUE5BSjSOK-KUOfQAAS36FrIFsh3cmet1WSqZypxLbN_jiS4qE17rCZkp9_rkoxIITc/s320/IMG_2375.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5726627951045115730" /></a>So, this was a beach environment made with sand eroded from a mountain range that does not exist any more... geology is so cool!Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-26593252804442142782012-03-26T15:20:00.003-07:002012-03-27T16:18:01.839-07:00Geo-anatomy of a race course<div>Last weekend I had the chance to run in the <a href="http://www.moabhalfmarathon.org/halfmarathon/index.cfm">Canyonlands 1/2 Marathon</a> in Moab UT. Except for the wind (It is March in the desert after all) the race was lots of fun with geology at every side. The course follows the Colorado River as it flows south towards Moab.</div><div><br /></div><div> </div><div>At the start of the course, you can clearly see many of the typical Canyonland area rock units. Starting at river level is the ever popular Chinle formation of the Triassic period. This area was a large floodplain receiving material from the Uncompaghre uplift to the east. The Chinle is most famous for its uranium ore heavily mined during the 1950's.</div><div><br /></div><div>Above the Chinle is my personal favorite: the Wingate sandstone. This Triassic aged cliff forming formation- former sand dune is ubiquitous through the Canyonland area. Its reddish hues catch that morning light just right to make the best campsites. Making a region-wide cap rock above the Wingate is the Kayenta formation containing lots of sandstone but also beds of shale and limestone showing a change in climate from sand dunes to at least occasional stream flows.</div><div><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgizxObbAOUqhCJdFKkHpeHi42GsBG36DcdoBDqM0Rr2o2DDF_EPcYmI_LsTsqu68mBJYzT7pylZkIU4SRQSQ2iYAMkDgMWox0WJYnTQTEXltwJd64Obu2htn_MJbZ-h2VlP-686djI3ks/s1600/IMG_2243.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgizxObbAOUqhCJdFKkHpeHi42GsBG36DcdoBDqM0Rr2o2DDF_EPcYmI_LsTsqu68mBJYzT7pylZkIU4SRQSQ2iYAMkDgMWox0WJYnTQTEXltwJd64Obu2htn_MJbZ-h2VlP-686djI3ks/s320/IMG_2243.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5724335223786514642" /></a>Another stratigraphic column shot from along the race course.<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhb5pObQt9oUDhrOqLLbd2FPtCFvBwM37tjUVx9i8-GsAHiRBNQJEY1k3aKDD68-7WpUouZtf9GZ_HWiKheFPd7-WQWLRQ1_EcFiwnJoSnR8ms2b2-FxuV8GcCiPuhAr60aozmjWPlGrrk/s1600/IMG_2246.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhb5pObQt9oUDhrOqLLbd2FPtCFvBwM37tjUVx9i8-GsAHiRBNQJEY1k3aKDD68-7WpUouZtf9GZ_HWiKheFPd7-WQWLRQ1_EcFiwnJoSnR8ms2b2-FxuV8GcCiPuhAr60aozmjWPlGrrk/s320/IMG_2246.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5724335193432656914" /></a>As the course makes its way to Moab, the late-Triassic Navajo sandstone makes an appearance atop the Kayenta formation. This shows yet another energy regime change away from the streams of the Kayenta to yet another huge sand dunes mass like the Wingate. This image also shows some structure with the ledges of the Kayenta dipping down into the river marking the edges of the Courthouse syncline.<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqX18VW5-FH-X5OUigeZtZpWslaoRTAam5JyTOWNuVyfj8NyCu7_5DNR_SBiHnw8WrFYtsqvGpJB0yaZSTyC53OmKecJei2zKcoSR5vq8fRIw7V8Pew1_nuCDD1KWAyXVVrVMg-zEVlFE/s1600/IMG_2250.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqX18VW5-FH-X5OUigeZtZpWslaoRTAam5JyTOWNuVyfj8NyCu7_5DNR_SBiHnw8WrFYtsqvGpJB0yaZSTyC53OmKecJei2zKcoSR5vq8fRIw7V8Pew1_nuCDD1KWAyXVVrVMg-zEVlFE/s320/IMG_2250.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5724335185876030818" /></a>The course doesn't end when the Colorado River reaches the Moab fault and the collapsed salt valley that created the valley where the town sits, there are still over two uphill miles into town left to go.<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAdLIACyX8Bazlqbwmhc7mkW2UB3DZjsqDmdHXLP3mC3F9MNDSpeB6I0_12RR_HtVxrqLjDuuMvsgMkIFfJclttKHFn7itjEJ0bCOfe4VXCvwXng3ItAgPQHknEKQyo18GkR7DDeMCu5w/s1600/IMG_2253.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAdLIACyX8Bazlqbwmhc7mkW2UB3DZjsqDmdHXLP3mC3F9MNDSpeB6I0_12RR_HtVxrqLjDuuMvsgMkIFfJclttKHFn7itjEJ0bCOfe4VXCvwXng3ItAgPQHknEKQyo18GkR7DDeMCu5w/s320/IMG_2253.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5724335176509534706" /></a>Over all a very fun run on a most beautiful course.Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3324329089302883552.post-79323870727087686432012-02-29T16:51:00.003-08:002012-02-29T17:21:34.436-08:00AW 43, your favorite geology illustrations<div>In the <a href="http://plantsandrocks.blogspot.com/2012/02/call-for-posts-accretionary-wedge-43-my.html">Company of Plants and Rocks</a> is hosting this month's Accretionary Wedge and it is all about geologic illustrations. </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; ">All types of geological illustrations qualify -- drawings, paintings, maps, charts, graphs, cross-sections, diagrams, etc., but <i>not </i>photographs. You might choose something because of its impact, its beauty, its humor, its clear message or perhaps because of a special role it played in your life. Let us know the reasons for your choice!</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; "><br /></span></div><div> From my first geology class I have seen every form of illustration to help us imagine all that underground stuff. Some professors must have been artists in former lives with their masterpieces drawn on chalk boards (did I just date myself there?) Others, like me never graduated beyond stick drawings. Some classes showed aerial photographs while others didn't. One thing though that most geology departments had in common though were collections of wearable geological illustrations.</div><div><br /></div><div>Now most of the classes I teach are out on the Colorado Plateau. A few years ago, the <a href="http://www.cnha.org/index.cfm">Canyonlands Natural History Association</a> had some T-shirts designed honoring the geology of the plateau parks. I naturally grabbed some different designs including the cross section of Utah route 12. I have worn and used this garment in more than one field class. If you haven't had a chance to explore along Utah 12, I strongly suggest a trip in the near future. </div><div><br /></div><div>T-shirts also make such great gifts for the geologist on your list. My kids who live in California bought the California has its faults shirt for a Fathers Day a few years ago.</div><div><br /></div><div>I had the pleasure to hike across the Grand Canyon last fall. Not wanting to carry too many books, we found the classic stratigraphic column bandana. It not only was light weight and full of information but doubled as a cotton cloth to get all wet and wrap around my neck as the temperatures started to climb. I also have one for the Colorado National Monument. I teach many classes along the Colorado River near the monument and this again is a great teaching tool while on the river.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Grand Canyon Rocks, what else can I say?</div><div><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOCXzFarVonhE7qUsATRbtWI4YzTELyEWMH4z676mwYIL1pDTyKj46m4SEgjpnwox5jI4qQXUvE2abNmJuSkRPKNVlQM4Opknuct3b3RJMEjDsqgvxNeYybYpatYqeRvPNedV2D1QhXQE/s1600/IMG_2229.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOCXzFarVonhE7qUsATRbtWI4YzTELyEWMH4z676mwYIL1pDTyKj46m4SEgjpnwox5jI4qQXUvE2abNmJuSkRPKNVlQM4Opknuct3b3RJMEjDsqgvxNeYybYpatYqeRvPNedV2D1QhXQE/s320/IMG_2229.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5714725571605301714" /></a>An excellent resource while exploring Central Utah.<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyatFhpl2lpkRQIbCydbgeXWKKudnmA8ST1Yhc_1bDoLAT-8avzfQPK_ZvDotuR6ZQM531IY_8lXJzLRGEqmbbr8BB1uhETRXm1B6UACdtMoIKneykO6ctbP3RLRSmpuGimgAlRzcfS5o/s1600/IMG_2228.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyatFhpl2lpkRQIbCydbgeXWKKudnmA8ST1Yhc_1bDoLAT-8avzfQPK_ZvDotuR6ZQM531IY_8lXJzLRGEqmbbr8BB1uhETRXm1B6UACdtMoIKneykO6ctbP3RLRSmpuGimgAlRzcfS5o/s320/IMG_2228.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5714725567675358978" /></a>This is always a conversation starter.<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrOtYATbr9bq2w3R16m_jRti9QiRXYXqjACGit30IPb0WiTgyf83KG4SMAk_wZCGGhLe8vaijsM1l0T0FrMGohsQfYxlpHYE7rVdPrICZ2Mx7afzZzEIKSbf9JVTWsBOWSjwCWOlHDgTI/s1600/IMG_2226.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrOtYATbr9bq2w3R16m_jRti9QiRXYXqjACGit30IPb0WiTgyf83KG4SMAk_wZCGGhLe8vaijsM1l0T0FrMGohsQfYxlpHYE7rVdPrICZ2Mx7afzZzEIKSbf9JVTWsBOWSjwCWOlHDgTI/s320/IMG_2226.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5714725562365728274" /></a>Geology Happenshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17009558103508195084noreply@blogger.com0